RESEARCH OF ADSORPTION FOR FIREEXTINGUISHER SALTS BY HIGH-POROUS TRANSMITTERS

Abstract

Today, the most effective and promising fire extinguishing agents are those based on a physicochemical inhibition mechanism. These include fire extinguishing powder compositions consisting of components used as mineral fertilizers in crop production. Therefore, they do not poison either soils or water bodies. However, in some cases, the use of such compositions does not have the desired effect. In particular, this applies to extinguishing fires of flammable liquids spilled on the surface of water bodies and preventing the spread of fires in peatlands. For such cases, agents have been developed that are porous carriers with fire-extinguishing salt immobilized on the inner surface of the cavities. Translated with DeepL.com (free version). When developing such agents, first of all, it is necessary to select a carrier with the required adsorption capacity in relation to the selected extinguishing salt. The agents intended to extinguish fires of flammable liquids spilled on the surface of water bodies should be constantly in the liquid burning zone, if not above the liquid surface, then on its surface. Accordingly, the carrier should have a low bulk density. To prevent premature leaching of the fire extinguishing agent from the cavities, the pores must be narrow enough so that the surface tension of the water prevents its penetration into the cavities. In addition, the requirements for the carrier include sufficient mechanical strength, availability, and low cost. Based on these requirements, the following were studied: medical activated carbon, macroporous styrene copolymer, cationite KU-23, perlite, manufactured vermiculite, alder sawdust and pine sawdust.