SOME QUESTIONS OF THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS ON HUMANS
Abstract
The analysis of gaseous toxic combustion products, which form the dispersion medium, is also listed, as well as their influence on the human is considered. The effects of addiction, synergism and antagonism are determined in combination with human hazards of a fire.
The dispersed phase of the smoke is particulate matter, soot, ash and resin particles, the dispersion medium is gas, ie the gaseous products of complete and incomplete combustion.
To date, the hazard of smoke is evaluated separately for each phase: determine the density of smoke without taking into account the composition of the combustion products or thermal decomposition, and separately investigate the composition of the combustion products without considering the state and properties of the dispersed phase. For each of these indicators evaluate the hazard of a particular organic material in a fire, and the separately obtained results are not yet combined by any single criterion of hazard of smoke. Such a separate smoke hazard study is related to the technical difficulties of determining the overall smoke hazard. In a fire, a person will be exposed to the combined action of a complex mixture of toxic substances, so it is not enough to know what gases and how much are contained in the air, you still need to know how they will act together, and the impact depends not only on the types of combustible organic materials, but also on conditions of combustion. Simultaneous ingress of combustion products consisting of a large number of chemical elements can have ambiguous effects such as synergism or antagonism.
The idea of carrying out such research arose during the implementation of the research work “To conduct research on improving the method of calculating the evacuation time of people from buildings and structures during the fire “Evacuation-Methodology””. During the execution of this research work, a detailed analysis of all factors affecting the evacuation of people from premises and structures of different purpose and limit values of dangerous factors of fire was carried out. According to the results of the work, a more thorough study of the effect of gaseous toxic combustion products on the person was raised. After all, the list of substances and materials used in construction and in everyday life has increased significantly, and the impact of the interaction of chemical combustion products of these materials with each other is not enough research.
The purpose of this study is to determine the list of gaseous combustion products of substances and materials commonly used in construction and everyday life, their effects on humans, and to search for data on the combined effects of toxic combustion products on humans.
