ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE REGARDING CALCULATION OF SAFE EVACUATION TIME
Abstract
The study identified the differences between approaches to calculating the safe evacuation time in DSTU 8828: 2019 and experience in the US and EU countries.
Thus, the significant difference between the PD 7974-6: 2004 and DSTU is the following: attention is paid to the start of the movement, which consists of the time of detection, time of the alert, the time of recognition of the alert signal, and the time of response to the alert signal; The calculation of time before the beginning of movement takes into account such components as the type of building, level of management, time of operation of the alert system, and the condition of the evacuated people, in particular, DSTU does not take into account the "level of management" at all; A variety of parameters is proposed to choose the time of evacuation, through which modeling can reproduce the script, approached to the real one.
CFPA-E Guideline No 19: 2009 F from DSTU has the following differences: it is proposed to use the HHR parameter when selecting a fire that reflects a real picture of fire development; taking into account open or closed doors in the premises of the building that can be implemented, the help of modern software in modeling; Attention is paid to the calculation of the start time of the evacuation, with the proposed input data that take into account the type of alert system, the configuration of the building, the condition of the people, and the level of management.
The methodology of the SFPE modeling approach is significantly different from DSTU in the following: when choosing an evacuation scenario, significant attention is paid to physiological, communicative and social components that will be used in the model; For each specific scenario, it is proposed to draw up an indental matrix, taking into account the characteristics; The use of software products with different features, including models with artificial intelligence for behavior, is proposed.
