THE ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN, NATIONAL REGULATORY DOCUMENTS AND RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF FOAMING AGENTS of GENERAL PURPOSE for EXTINGUISHING FIRES

Vitalii Nuianzin; Mykhailo Kropyva; Artem Maiboroda; Igor Stilik; Yurii Dolishnii; Vadim Benedjuk

Vitalii Nuianzin Cherkasy Institute of Fire Safety named after Chornobyl Heroes of NUCD in Ukraine
Mykhailo Kropyva Cherkasy Institute of Fire Safety named after Chornobyl Heroes of NUCD in Ukraine
Artem Maiboroda Cherkasy Institute of Fire Safety named after Chornobyl Heroes of NUCD in Ukraine
Igor Stilik Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Protection
Yurii Dolishnii Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Protection
Vadim Benedjuk Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Protection

Keywords: extinguishing agents, phlegmatization, cessation of combustion, efficiency

Abstract

The aim of the article is to analyze normative documents, both national and foreign, patents, scientific works, dissertations, which are devoted to research on the development, application and improvement of general-purpose foaming agents used for firefighting. The analysis of research work related to the study of the properties of general-purpose foaming agents for fire extinguishing, showed that there was only the search and analysis of patent documentation compiled or published in the period up to 2010. Therefore, the aim of the article was to search and analyze patent documentation, research , documents on foaming agents for the subsequent period, namely 2010 - 2020. Taking into account the results of search and analysis of patent materials, we can conclude that fundamentally new approaches to the development of recipes and technologies for the production of foaming agents have not been created during this time. As before, foaming agents are produced both from raw materials of natural origin and from synthetic surfactants. In some cases, formulations of foaming agents made from natural raw materials contain additives of synthetic fluorine-containing surfactants. According to a patent search, synthetic foaming agents are used to extinguish non-polar combustible foams by supplying foam in both "hard" and "soft" ways. Foaming agents based on natural raw materials are used to extinguish them with the supply of foam mainly in "soft" way, "hard" method of its supply can be implemented in the presence of such foaming agents synthetic fluorine-containing surfactants, the presence of which reduces the intensity of foam destruction by hydrocarbons.. Foam generated from working solutions of any foaming agent of any type should be applied to extinguish polar flammable liquids only in a "soft" way. Analysis of scientific works (dissertations, research works, monographs) showed that during firefighting it is allowed to simultaneously use any biologically "soft" general-purpose foaming agents, any synthetic film-forming foaming agents, etc., provided that foam is generated by separate foam generators. If the possibility of mixing foaming agents is previously established, their simultaneous use is allowed, taking into account the concentrations of working solutions and foam generation by means of the same foam generators. It is not allowed to mix different types of foaming agents, even when extinguishing a fire. The necessity of developing a method of application of “One Seven” technology in Ukraine is substantiated.