EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF VISIBILITY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WORKS BY THE GSPS
Abstract
Every day in our country there are more than 100 fires, in which 5-6 people die. Compared to Western European countries, the number of fires and deaths in our country is quite significant. This is due to the difficult socio-economic situation of the state, insufficient preventive work to prevent fires, low participation in fire safety of local governments and public associations.
The concentration of toxic substances in the first minutes of the fire is above the limit of 12-100 times. The speed of smoke and poisonous substances is very high (up to 20 m / min vertically). Smoke and gases in fires in the world annually kill about 16 people per 1 million population, and this figure tends to increase.
The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of experimental research is to determine the speed of movement movement units of the gas and smoke protection service (hereinafter GSPS (Gas and smoke protection service) in conditions of different visibility of objects depending on the density of smoke.
In work the speed of movement was determined experimentally movement GSPS (Gas and smoke protection service) units during reconnaissance with the search for the source of the fire or the victim in the basement in conditions of different visibility of objects depending on the density of smoke.
It is established that conducting reconnaissance in search of a fire or the victim in basements and basements in terms of visibility less than 1 m, the speed of the GSPS (Gas and smoke protection service) will average up to 9 m / min.
In the case of application of the device for the combined supply of finely sprayed water on the basis of the DPM-7 smoke extractor for lowering the average volumetric temperature to 60 ± 5 •C and increasing visibility: visual within 3 ± 0.5 m and optical within 0.78 Np / m (200 ± 7 mV) the speed of the GSPS (Gas and smoke protection service) unit will average up to 12 m / min., that in 1.3 times faster than without combined feed.
As shown by experimental studies for effective (fast) operation of the GSPS (Gas and smoke protection service) in conditions of dense smoke and high temperature, the use of a device for combined supply of finely divided water (300-400 μm) based on a portable smoke extractor DPM-7 1.3 times faster rescue operations during the search for the victim and the fire.
