RISK-BASED APPROACH TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF LABOR PROTECTION MEASURES DURING PERFORMANCE OF EMERGENCY RESCUE AND OTHER EMERGENCY WORKS
Abstract
Due to the military actions of the Russian state, recent years have been characterized by an increase in the frequency of technological and environmental disasters and emergency situations. This is facilitated by various factors of a military nature. Therefore, it is important to study the behavior of specialists and the population in various situations.
The work implements a probabilistic model of increasing the efficiency of emergency rescue and other emergency operations using the analysis of the tree of failures (events). It has been established that the existing methods of increasing the efficiency of emergency rescue and other emergency works do not allow to take into account such aspects as the human factor, the preparation of the civilian population for actions in emergency situations, in particular during emergency rescue and other emergency works. An approach is proposed and an event tree is given, which allows taking into account the mentioned factors.
Calculations of the probabilities of occurrence of basic and intermediate events affecting the undesirable situation were carried out. The analysis of the obtained results made it possible to identify the most significant events. The final calculation of the probability of occurrence of the undesirable event "Injury during the performance of emergency and rescue and other emergency work" established that, given the given probabilities of the occurrence of basic events, its probability will be 22 percent. This indicates a fairly high level of danger during work.
The calculation of the tree of events (failures) made it possible to make the following recommendations for improving the effectiveness of ARINR (emergency rescue and other urgent works), in particular demining: increase the number of preventive measures to ensure public awareness of safety rules in the work zone; carrying out additional explanatory work regarding the prevention of arrogant behavior, for example, with discovered explosive objects; to increase the effectiveness of measures to prevent the population from staying at the sites of emergency and rescue and other urgent works, in particular in the zones of contamination by hazardous materials (explosive objects).
Setting the listed problems provides an opportunity to pay attention to the preparation of specialists for activities in emergency situations, using all possible elements of training, which will allow to increase the level of awareness of problems and sharply reduce the number of accidents both in demining and in other areas during the martial law.
