ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC AND EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF STANDARDING REQUIREMENTS FOR CHARGING STATIONS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Abstract

The analysis of the current state of rationing of fire requirements for charging stations for electric vehicles in the domestic regulatory framework, as well as certain foreign regulations, literature sources on rationing requirements for fire protection of charging stations for electric vehicles. The basic principles of their design are established and the dependence of the magnitude of the level of risk on the place of installation of the charging station for electric vehicles with the provision of the necessary protection of such places. The basis for the formation of requirements for fire protection of charging stations for electric vehicles has been created. In particular, it is established that fire safety requirements should be determined for charging stations for electric vehicles of mode 3, mode 4, defined by DSTU EN IEC 61851-1: 2021. It is necessary to separate at least three zones for the location of charging stations for electric vehicles: garage (parking), parking, gas station, for each of these zones to establish fire safety requirements, taking into account their specifics. When establishing fire safety requirements, it is necessary to consider the charging station for electric vehicles together with the parking space where the electric vehicle is located, which ultimately should include requirements not for the charging station itself, but for the electric vehicle charging system (paragraph 3.1.4 DSTU EN IEC 61851-1: 2021). It is established that in the development of the relevant national standard should first of all provide standardized requirements for: planning parking spaces with charging stations for electric vehicles in parking lots and garages (parking lots); ensuring the restriction of the spread of fire, in particular with the establishment of requirements for structures on which charging stations for electric vehicles are installed, arrangement of fire barriers, fire distances; safe evacuation; fire protection systems and primary fire extinguishing means in: garages (parking lots), parking lots.