EVALUATION OF THE NUMBER OF HARMFUL SUBSTANCES IN COMBUSTION PRODUCTS DURING FIRE SPOILED FLUID LIQUIDS, AND ECOLOGICAL LOSSES AS A RESULT OF SUCH FIRE

Abstract

On the example of combustion of 1 kg oil of the most common composition evaluation methodology of hazardous substances amount, arising in result of flammable liquids fire, and evaluation methodology of environmental damage of pollution of air and surface layers of water reservoir were developed. Using conventional estimation method from the theory of burning and taking into consideration calculated air volume, needed for complete combustion of the oil of such composition, one can assume that one tenth of the flammable material remains in unburned residue, mainly in form of small solid and liquid particles. Small particles mix with gaseous products of combustion, creating smoke; while masut and bitumen pollute the water reservoir, on the surface of which the oil was spilled and burnt. Calculation of the amount of the complete combustion products of remaining 900 g of the oil was performed using the conventional methodology for calculation of the products of complete combustion of substances with determined carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur content, when it is assumed that they completely transform into carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxide, and water vapor. It is calculated that the complete combustion of 900g of the oil of the most common composition to the air the smoke, consisting of 2,75 kg of carbon dioxide, 0,2 kg of carbon monoxide and 0,06 kg sulfur dioxide.

An example of approximate evaluation of economic losses resulting from such fires was given in accordance to the established methodology of evaluation of damage from technogenic and natural emergencies and the instruction 'On the Procedure of Calculation and Payment of the Fee for Environmental Pollution’. It was calculated that during burning of the oil on the water reservoir surface, the environmental damage caused by the fire makes approximately 708,72 UAH per 1 ton of burned oil.